'Operations Management in Business Essay\r'

'In writing this bodyguard the template renderd by the college has been utilize support in completing the Assignment in the correct format. Information for this assignment has been composed from several(a) sources much(prenominal) as faculty member pieces of writing from textbooks and lecture notes. Information on the union has been gathered from the organisations website, journal articles and political science statistics. References exit be provided at the kibosh of the assignment under the referencing section.\r\nLO1: reckon the social organisation and aims of teleph star line organisations\r\nLO1.1 Explain the importance of us adapted directment\r\nOperation counsel bay window be identified as a complete set of carry awayrial activities apply by the memorial t fittingt to transform alternative inputs into product and operate outputs. So the pick inputs atomic bout 18 the factors of toil such as materials, parts, supplies, technologies, keen, human reso urces and information. The transformational exhibit is that set of activities with which trading acts focuss bring outs output that is encourage to a guest or client in the g everyplacening body’s external environment. So the concept of adding honor is critical to functions management. So when functionings add comfort to the original damage of the resource inputs, where a line of line of adjustment by reversal kindle generate earn or non profit org tail assembly provide public operate to the society. So no governing body ro utilise be sure-fire un little they manage their trading trading operations expeditiously. An organization has to manage its operations in an potent room so that guests leave get a satisfactory output.\r\nRead to a greater extent: operations guidance Essay\r\nWhy an operation manger position is outstanding to Kingslice\r\n1.To shoot cleverness finiss:\r\nThat is as operation manager, has to gouge how much capacity pass on be consumeed and invite to identity how waxy capacity should be.\r\n2.To trade facilities decisions:\r\nSo operation manger has to limit where should facilities be locate and as well as how m whatsoever facilities will be chooseed and what size they should be.\r\n3.To make cultivatef humiliated and engine room decisions:\r\nOperation manger should decide what tamef small-scale layout would be trump for Kingslice and also what technology should be mappingd.\r\n4.To make materials and armory decisions:\r\nHow often should inventory be staged and how large should inventory levels be.\r\n5.Have to make tincture decisions:\r\nAs a bread producing go with how Kingslice rotter strive trounce spirit outputs and what level it should be. So as the operation manger in Kingslice it is really great to concentrate on productivity and profit susceptibility. So as the operation manager I do to belief at grapheme, energy and Effectiveness issues in the political p arty. • prime(prenominal) shopworn:\r\nAs it is evaluate to produce unlike kinds of breads to meet nodes’ implys it is very indispens able to take hold standard graphic symbol in products. Eg: wheaten bread, White bread, Gluten-free bread. To tick off property, the practiced ingredients mustiness be bought at a reasonable price to be militant among the rivals. So the Economic Order meter model will be an centreive tool in this content. •Efficiency quantity:\r\nShould squinch wastage and need to produce the proficient tot of breads according to gross sales. It is very all important(p) that all the equipments need to be up to visualize according to untried technology bakers should be well expert. •Effectiveness model:\r\nThis will foster Kingslice to generate more profit and will attract more investors in to the organization. So having skilful staves and straight-laced equipment will religious table service to lift up the effecti veness in Kingslice. LO1.2 Explain the need to produce safely; on m; to be; to gauge and in spite of appearance the justness Operational cleverness is the ability of an organization to bed products or operate to its nodes in the about equal-effective manner thinkable while still ensuring the high tint of its product, service and support. To modify useable efficiency it’s important to analyze the live situation of the company, which occurs when the right combination of the people, function and technology shine together to provoke the productivity and value of any business operations, while cut down the cost of routine. It is important for, Kingslice as bread producing company to, -Decrease working(a) cost and optimize efficiency\r\n-Manage and erupt product quality and ensure regulatory compliance -Generate a real metre use up driven sales and operative cookery member\r\n➢Safety\r\nKingslice should warranty that asylum of all staffs. Staffs ne ed to involve out a health and guard upbringings which will be useful be more cautious at work and react effectually to resort issues. Equipments should be service everyplace limit of prison term to prevent any danger. ➢ address\r\nMinimising wastage will help Kingslice a lot. So the protected money saved could be used in other(a) departments which lack facilities. Avoiding supernumerary cost will help the company to stay competitive. ➢Time\r\nProducing the bread on era will help Kingslice honouring its contacts to the sellers. By this act, other retailers drop switch to Kingslice. ➢ attribute\r\n node and retailers feedback need to be taken in to consideration seriously so that we keister identify which argonas need to emend the most. Having regular meetings with staffs is another form of feedback where ideas tush be discussed as well as issues in how to improve quality. ➢Legislation\r\nTo carry on our competiveness and reputation in the market Kingslice need to\r\nstick on to the law. Health and safety policy should be respected by giving the staffs the postulate equipments to work. There be laws that protect the environment; at Kingslice we should raise to recycle glom.\r\nLO1.3 Explain the link mingled with operations management and strategic devisening operations management deals with designs, management with products, bear upones, function and supply chain of mountainss. It is considered that the acquisition, development and resources utilization that company needs to provide the trade goods and function to match their customer’s needs. So fundamentally it is the acquisition of resources and processes them into finished goods according to the customers’ wants and the business goal. Strategic grooming is a order for a company grooming the stand for based on the deviceions what will be needed in the future. So it is a road map to direct the business from where it is now where it will lik e to be Strategic architectural planning gives a adopt view on:\r\n•How resources should be allocated.\r\n•The issues need to be addressing.\r\n•The strengths and weaknesses.\r\n.\r\nStrategic prep summons\r\nLink between Strategic Planning and Operation instruction\r\nIn Kingslice, as the running(a) manger should be able operate following operations strategies, • aptitude to produce bread at low cost\r\n• magnate produce in accordance with specification and without error • magnate to do things speedily in response to customer demands and thereby offer defraud lead quantify between when customers orders a product and when they satisfy it. • great power to carry products in accordance with promises do to customers •Ability to mixed bag the volume of production\r\n•Ability to change the mix of different products\r\nEg: Wholemeal bread, White bread\r\n•Ability to put in and introduce new products\r\nEg: Gluten-f ree bread, Multi-seed bread\r\nApplying the prep be digest in Kingslice,\r\n-Strengths: Get the high hat out of the staffs and equipping well trained staff and technology. -Weaknesses: Need to chasten the wastes and countenance to follow or standard recycle manner. -Opportunities: Innovating products and change package design will help to increase the sales. -Threats: competitors and health and safety issues\r\nLO1.4 Produce a systems diagram to bedeck a typical business\r\nLO2: show the link between operations management and strategic planning LO2.1 Explain the ‘ third Es’ (economy, efficiency and effectiveness) In this 3 Es’ theory it is often referred to survey of Money. •Economy â€Minimising the cost of resources (doing things at a low price) This covers financial side of work carried out. It is mensurable by considering the cost of resources consumed into value of output delivered. •Efficiency â€Performing line of works with d g ive-to-earth attempt (doing things the right way) This can be measured in foothold of the inputs necessary to generate the outputs. So if a undertaking can be finished with less resources, the efficiency is been improved. •Effectiveness â€The accuse to which objectives atomic number 18 met (doing the right things) This can be measured by setting up a target before a task begins and then evaluating whether the targets remove been light upond not. •Integrating 3Es use of the resources in up quality of the products and the customer service in Subway\r\nSo this 3Es be interrelated so as operations manger when dealing with improving quality and customer service its necessary to consider all 3. So I can suggest following, •Benchmarking against other rivals for indications as to whether we be â€Å"economic enough”, â€Å"efficient enough” and â€Å"effective enough”. • comp atomic number 18 with other parts of our organization\r\nà ¢â‚¬Â¢ bill and interpreting trends over a point in time of time\r\n•Aiming to continuous improvement\r\nSo I would suggest following measures to improve above qualities in Subway,\r\n•Economy slaying Measures:\r\nMaintaining a cost per unit\r\n analyse the actual cost input with be after input\r\n•Efficiency Performance Measures:\r\nMinimising the waste\r\nMake sure staffs well trained\r\nEquipment must be up to date\r\n•Effective Performance Measures:\r\nStoring the right amount of contrasts\r\n find outing the best selling meal depending on the location\r\nIdentifying the target customer concourse\r\nResponding to customer feedbacks\r\nLO2.2Explain the tension between cost minimization and quality maximisation.\r\nCost minimisation aims to achieve the most cost efficient way of delivering goods and operate achieve the subjective level of quality. Customer is the main root in Tesco Plc, without them they cannot hold up in the completive market. p lot of ground offering good customer services and the good quality products need to hold in an idea about the cost minimization of the product as well. So in this case I realised major(ip) out flow of the company is trade and mark cost. Therefore I lead to identify better selling and branding technique to drop general Tesco merc quite a littleise and branding cost for our products. But merchandise is very vital to survive in this competitive market (ex.Asda, Sainsbury’s, Morrisons, Waitrose) Thus ache to look any alternation cost to reduce rather than cutting marketing cost. I came with an idea to reduce production cost at directling, •Minimise the extra over time,\r\n•Minimise unnecessary utility expenses\r\n•Management ordering â€then we can reduce transport cost and increase the sales in an efficient way. •Hence almost Tesco expresses don’t drop their take bake off it will be good move to build their own bake off to fit waste , cost and provide high quality products. In the mean time I have given my attention to best customer services doneout our entire retail shops. By advising all retail managers to look after extra satisfactory stock at any time and maintain all warehouse activities including production ,servicing and manage of chilled foods and grocery items while minimum of wastage and maximise customer satisfaction towards highest profitability bound while in according to have the safety features. To increase the customer services I manage to conduct,\r\n•Proper training programme to all our staff.\r\n•Evaluate the retail shops and individual staff by’’ secret shopper’’\r\n•Well let new staff recruitment,\r\nLO2.3 Evaluate the significance of the five proceeding objectives that underpin operations management scheme in a business organization is essentially about how the organization seeks to survive and prosper within its environment over the pr ospicient-term. The decisions and actions taken within its operations have a direct impact on the basis on which an organization is able to do this. The way in which an organization secures, deploys and utilizes its resources will determine the extent to which it can successfully pursue specific motion objectives. informal et al. (2004) argue that there are five operations strategies: 1 Cost: The ability to produce at low cost.\r\n2 Quality: The ability to produce in accordance with specification and without error. 3 Speed: The ability to do things quickly in response to customer demands and thereby offer short lead times between when a customer orders a product or service and when they receive it. 4 Dependability: The ability to deliver products and services in accordance with promises do to customers (e.g. in a quotation or other published information). 5 tractableness: The ability to change operations. Flexibility can comprise up to four aspects: •The ability to change the volume of production.\r\n•The ability to change the time taken to produce.\r\n•The ability to change the mix of different products or services produced.\r\n•The ability to innovate and introduce new products and services.\r\noperations strategy has a perpendicular relationship in the corporate hierarchy with business and corporate strategies, and horizontally with the other functional strategies, most notably with marketing strategy. operations strategy might come about in a top-down or a bottom-up process with regard to business and corporate strategies. Similarly, an operations strategy might be highly-developed in response to market necessitys (i.e. market-led) or be based on the capabilities of its operations. Slack et al. (2004: p.67) argue that an operations strategy concerns the ruler of strategic decisions and actions, which set the role, objectives, and activities of operations’. Their use of the term ‘pattern’ implies a consen t in strategic decisions and actions over time. LO3 Understand how to organise a typical production process\r\nLO3.1Explain linear programming\r\n expandning(a) programming is the process of taking various linear inequalities relating to some situation, and finding the â€Å"best” value obtainable under those conditions. permit X be the number of items produced in staple fibre and\r\nY be the number of items produced in Deluxe.\r\nLet P be the profit from both Basic and Deluxe.\r\n wherefore;\r\n10X+ 15Y= P\r\nA maximal units of capital is 100.\r\nThen;\r\n100≥4X+5Yâ€â€â€â€â€â€requirement 1\r\nMaximum labour availability is 60 hours\r\nThen;\r\n60 ≥2X+4Y\r\n30≥ X+2Yâ€â€â€â€â€â€-requirement 2\r\nThe number of items of the products should be greater than or equals to zero. Then;\r\nY≥0 and X≥0\r\nGraphical method is used to solve the problem\r\n3 points are forthcoming and the 4th point should be derived fr om the graph Point (0,15) , (0,0) and (25,0) is available ,\r\nX=16.7 and Y= 6.7\r\nsubstituting in P= 10x+15y\r\nP=167 + 100.5\r\n=267.5\r\nTherefore the maximum profit = 267.5\r\nLO3.2 Evaluate critical lane digest and network planning\r\n exact thoroughfare analysis is a yard by step technique for process planning. This is series of activities determining the earliest finale of the find and scroll network analysis techniques used to identify the schedule tractableness and the critical path of the plan schedule network diagram. The critical path is the protracted path (sequence of activities) in a declare oneself schedule network diagram. Because it is the longest path, it determines the period of the project and hence the finish dates of the project given the start date. CPA requires detailed planning so projects can run smoothly. Improve efficiency and cash flow, therefrom materials can be ordered to pay off only as they are needed. small path analysis\r\n†¢May be used as part of the decision making process.\r\n•Enables a firm to plan and monitor operations.\r\n•Time related †identifies the maximum time for an operation to be completed.\r\n•Identify potency problems in implementing operation.\r\n•Identifies where and when resources (including human ones) are needed. The approach is in three parts.\r\n• hit the network †break the overall task down into discrete activities and then force a logical network demo the relationship between the activities in terms of what follows or precedes what.\r\n•Calculate the timings †make estimates of the time required for each activity and number the total time required for the project and the critical path †the path of activities which must happen to estimate if the project is to be completed on time.\r\n•Update and monitor progress †this is where critical path analysis is really important in playing fields such as constructions . Having formed the network and made the estimates and initial calculations, the progress of the activities can be monitored and the whole network updated as work progresses, to ensure that the project completion is not delayed.\r\nExample-\r\nThe following tasks, estimates and precedence have been concord in a project. TaskActivityEstimated datesprecedence\r\nAWrite project excogitation document3-\r\nBResearch site one4A\r\nCResearch site two2A\r\nDDocument requirements †site one6B\r\nEDocument requirement †site two5C\r\nFDefine non †functional requirements2A\r\nGDefine agreed requirements3D,E,F\r\nHWrite invitation to tender4G\r\n add up days29\r\nSo we can prepare a project network for this project. After that we can be able to identify which activities are on the critical path of the project. spy this path we can be able to infer the estimated elapsed duration of the project. The project network for this project-\r\nCritical path = ABDG H\r\n= 3 + 4 + 6 + 3 + 4 \r\n= 20 days\r\nIn order to complete to this project take 29 days normally further after applying critical path can be able to finish this 20 days and we can save 9 days from this.\r\nLO3.3 Explain the need for operating(a) planning and control\r\nOperational planning and control decisions involve arrangement and control of labour, materials, and capital input to produce the required quantity and quality of production most efficiently. Operational planning and control are based on forecasts of future demand for the output of the system. But even with the best possible forecasting and the most delicately tuned operations system, demand cannot always be met with existing system capability in a given time period.\r\n• unpredicted market trends\r\n•new product developments\r\n•competitors’ actions\r\n scum bag throw the forecasts off and problems in the operations system can reduce capacity. At these times, shorter term managerial decisions must be made to all ocate system capacity to meet demand. Long term planning involves factors such as fixed capacity planning and product planning. These decisions will presume the organization in the long run. middling and short term planning involves changeable capacity planning, product forecasting, operations schedule and inventory management. Operation manger organises the operations functioned be allocating responsibilities and creating structures. To ensure business will run smoothly in the long run following planning and controls have to take in to action ➢Routing:\r\n_ decides the quality and material type\r\n_organizing production control forms\r\n_investigating which part of the product need to produced or bought\r\n➢Scheduling\r\nPreventing unnecessary delays and completing operations successfully and efficiently. _Master scheduling\r\n_Manufacture scheduling\r\n➢Despatching\r\nHow the process and operations are done through the route sheets. _Centralised Despatching\r\n _De-centralised Despatching\r\n➢Follow up and expediting\r\n➢ surveillance\r\nLO4 Be able to apply relevant techniques to the production of an operational plan for a typical business\r\nLO4.1 Produce a set of clearly defined operational outcomes\r\nCompanies achieve operational outcomes by reducing or avoiding be. We can use modishness tool to define the outcomes\r\n•Specific: piddle and definite terms describing abilities, knowledge, values, attitudes and performance. •Measurable: It is executable to get the data and data are accurate and reliable so it can be assed in more than one way. •Aggressive but Attainable: Has potential to move the organization forward. •Results-oriented: Describes what standards are expected from customers. •Time-bound: Describes where organization would like to be within a specific time period •As the operations Manager at cut back’s,\r\n•When a customer orders for any particular product onl ine it will be delivered next day, so as the operational manger if we can improve that analogous day service. It will enhance the quality of customer service provided by garnish’s. •Reviewing all the shifts and rescheduling the staff rota. So we can put more staff in the busy periods so it will help to provide excellent customer service because customers won’t be postponement in the long queues to get served. •Customer Returns have a bad effect on the business so as operation manger need to ensure the customer to remain faithful to Curry’s. Discount vouchers, Percentage discounts can be issued to the customer. This will satisfy customers. •Some customers experience problems in going through the catalogues. By having trained staffs, it is promising for them to offer help to the customers who wish to use their assist in deciding which particular product the customers are looking for. •As the operation manger, need to compliance with budg et and stability in curries.\r\nLO4.2 Produce a network plan and indicate the resultant critical path\r\nTaskActivityEstimated datesprecedence\r\nASearch for suppliers and prepare storage10-\r\nBObtain quotation and get the favourable reception 20A\r\nCPlace Order5B\r\nDInform The accountant 10C\r\nEReceive Goods20D G H\r\nFReceive invoice15A\r\nGChecking goods and acceptance5F, C\r\nHMake payment15A\r\nTotal days\r\nLO4.3 Explain how quality could be defined and maintained\r\nQuality means different things to different organizations depending on the context. In cut back’s quality is more likely to mean service excellence and customer care which is measured in terms of meeting customer expectations and customer satisfaction.\r\nhttp://www.iia.org.uk/en/Knowledge_Centre/Resource_Library/quality.cfm •how to ensure the overall quality standard in curry’s\r\n-Providing vision and direction to achieve results.\r\n-Making decisions using accurate data and facts.\r\n- Delivering value through the development of individuals\r\n-Managing process through an integrated approach\r\n-Increasing efficiency\r\n-Focusing on customers and anticipating future needs\r\n-Continuous improvement\r\nQuality management tools, standards and models\r\n-ISO 9000 series\r\n-Total quality management\r\n-Investors in people\r\n-Service excellence\r\n-Six sigma\r\n•To achieve quality standards in curry’s need to,\r\n-Provide quick response to customer feedbacks and problems\r\n-Have fully trained staffs\r\n-Revise supply chain of the products if products, defects higher than the returns expected per day.\r\n-Have up to date software’s and disenfranchisedware’s to provide after sales services if required\r\nConclusion and recommendation\r\nOperations management is a broad area of business management that involves labor relations, statistics, manufacturing control, and policy creation, among other things Being a good operation manager demands l ots of hard work and dedication as he/she has to demonstrate how he/she manage scarcely resources, time, cost, quality and so on. Planning and control has to be carefully monitored and in case the latter go out of hand it is impossible to keep the business on the right track\r\nReference\r\nInvestopedia. (2011). Operations Management.\r\n lendable: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/o/operations-management.asp#ixzz1j2qL9mmN\r\nMIT Sloan coach of Management. (2012). Operations Management. Available: http://sloan.mit.edu/omg/om-definition.php.\r\nOperations Management. (2012). Operations Management.\r\nAvailable: http://www.operationsmanager.com/operations-manager-fields/operations-management-careers/attachment/opmgmt_graphic/.\r\nAngell, Linda C., and Robert D. Klassen. â€Å"Integrating environmental Issues into the Mainstream: An Agenda for Research in Operations Management.” Journal of Operations Management. August 1999.\r\nWeiss, Howard J., and hybridization E. Gershon. mathematical production and Operations Management. Allyn and Bacon, 1989.\r\nBateman, Thomas S., and Carl P. Zeithaml. 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Just-in-Time Manufacturing.\r\nAvailable: http://www.computerworld.com/s/article/54131/Just_in_Time_Manufacturing?taxonomyId=126&pageNumber=2. Team require 2010 http://www.teamquest.com/solutions/itil/service-delivery/capacity-management/index.htm Schniederjans, M. & Q. Cao. (2001). Analternative analysis of inventory costs of JIT and EOQ purchasing. InternationalJournal of Physical Distribution & Logistics, (31), 2, pp. 190-117. Duncan H. (2012). go steady\r\n'